The Rollup
December 16, 2025

Visa Stablecoin Strategy, N3on Crashout, AXL Acquisition, JPMorgan MMF on Ethereum & Nexus x Rialo

The crypto market is bifurcating. On one side, institutions like JPMorgan and Visa are building on-chain infrastructure. On the other, retail speculation is plagued by memecoin scams. This episode features Jens Groth (Nexus) and Jan Camenisch (Subzero/Realo), two cryptography pioneers, discussing the foundational tech enabling institutional adoption and how AI will reshape trust.

The Crypto Barbell: Institutional Expansion vs. Retail Contraction

  • “JP Morgan, Black Rock, DTCC, Fidelity, the entire thing was just institutions. It's next level. This industry is going to the next level.”
  • Institutional Inflow: JPMorgan is tokenizing $4 trillion in asset management on Ethereum, seeding with $100 million. Visa has launched a stablecoin advisory practice, a reactive move to client demand for stablecoin payments.
  • Retail Pitfalls: Celebrity and streamer memecoins consistently follow an "exit scam" playbook: pre-sales to friends, exchange listings, then dumping on retail.
  • Market Signal: Organizational restructurings and marketing department thinning in crypto-native teams suggest a "trimming of the fat" in the speculative sector.

ZK Proofs: Verifiability and Privacy at Scale

  • “I actually think I'm more excited about the verifiability dimension... Of course, the cool thing about zero knowledge proofs is that you get both of them.”
  • Dual Power: Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) offer both verifiability (proving correctness without revealing data) and privacy (hiding sensitive information). ZKPs are like a bouncer checking your ID to confirm you're old enough to enter a club, without needing to see your name, address, or birthdate.
  • Scaling Verifiability: Current ZKVMs face significant computational overheads (10,000x to 100,000x native computation costs), limiting their application. Nexus aims to scale verifiability to internet scale, starting with finance.
  • Privacy Spectrum: Privacy is not a binary state; applications require a balance. ZKPs allow fine-tuning what information is revealed and what remains hidden.

AI's Impact on Trust and Verifiability

  • “I think we're going to enter a world where everything we see is not something that can be trusted because it could just have been generated by an AI. So we cannot trust our senses anymore and the question is then what can you trust? And you can trust maybe digital content that has been signed or that has been proven correct somehow.”
  • Erosion of Trust: AI's ability to generate deepfakes and synthetic content erodes trust in sensory information. Verifiable content (signed or proven correct) becomes crucial.
  • Quantum vs. AI: While quantum computing poses a long-term threat to cryptography (5+ years), AI's singularity (estimated 2030) is seen as a more immediate and disruptive force, potentially breaking many schemes and impacting privacy.
  • AI Agents & Accountability: The rise of autonomous AI agents necessitates verifiable execution. Blockchains and ZKPs can provide a trusted environment for AI models and their outputs, ensuring authenticity and preventing tampering.

Key Takeaways:

  • Strategic Implication: The future of crypto is increasingly defined by institutional adoption, driven by the need for verifiable, private, and compliant digital assets and systems.
  • Builder/Investor Note: Focus on foundational technologies like ZK proofs and secure interoperability. Avoid speculative retail trends that lack long-term utility.
  • The "So What?": The convergence of AI and blockchain will redefine trust. Builders who integrate ZKPs to authenticate AI outputs and ensure agent accountability will capture significant value in the next 6-12 months.

Podcast Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rIlgu37BudU

While retail investors grapple with memecoin exit scams, institutional giants like JPMorgan and Visa aggressively expand their on-chain strategies, revealing a bifurcated crypto market.

Market Divergence: Institutional Inflow vs. Retail Contraction

  • The host observes a stark market divergence: institutional players accumulate assets while retail investors sell. This period, marked by tax-loss harvesting, highlights a "barbell" effect where large entities expand their crypto exposure as cryptonative projects face contraction.
  • Tom Lee and Michael Saylor continue significant purchases of ETH and Bitcoin, respectively.
  • Retail investors, facing market uncertainty, engage in selling, often on the "wrong side" of institutional accumulation.
  • The market exhibits "cognitive dissonance," with institutional expansion contrasting sharply with a "trimming of the fat" among cryptonative projects.
  • “This is literally the biggest cognitive dissonance that is happening in the space right now... on one hand you've got celebrity streamer exit scamming people and on the other hand you have JP Morgan institution saying hey guys by the way we're launching our tokenized money market fund on Ethereum.”

The Celebrity Memecoin Playbook: A Failed Experiment

  • The host criticizes the recurring pattern of celebrity and streamer-backed memecoins, citing N3on's "mental health break" after his coin's crash. This trend consistently results in "money grab" schemes that exploit retail participants.
  • N3on explicitly promised parabolic returns, then announced a hiatus as his token declined.
  • The playbook involves sniping launches, pre-selling to friends, pumping the token, securing exchange listings, then dumping on retail.
  • Examples include Trump's token and Iggy Azalea's coin, which followed similar patterns of value extraction.
  • “Every single celebrity or streamer that has came into this industry has simply came in tried to extract value from memecoin participants and then their charts all look the same and then they've left.”

Institutional Onslaught: JPMorgan, Bitwise, and Visa's Stablecoin Push

  • In stark contrast to retail speculation, major financial institutions accelerate their integration with blockchain technology, focusing on tokenization and stablecoin infrastructure.
  • JPMorgan launches a tokenized Money Market Fund (MMF) on Ethereum, seeding it with $100 million and aiming to bring its $4 trillion asset management onto the blockchain.
  • Bitwise files an amendment for a Hyperliquid ETF (Exchange Traded Fund), signaling an imminent launch for a liquid staking derivative product.
  • Visa establishes a stablecoin advisory practice, responding to client demand for instant, low-fee, 24/7 stablecoin settlements and recognizing the competitive pressure from cryptonative payment chains like Polygon, Frax, Tempo, and Plasma.
  • “If you're Visa, you're thinking to yourself kind of like, 'what the hell is going on here? We better have a stable coin strategy or we're going to be in trouble.'”

ZK Bottlenecks, Privacy, and Verifiability at Scale

  • Jan Cazes (Subzero/Rialo) and Jens Groth (Nexus) discuss the evolution and challenges of Zero-Knowledge (ZK) technology, emphasizing the balance between privacy and verifiability.
  • Jens Groth, inventor of Groth16 (a widely used ZK-SNARK scheme, a cryptographic proof system allowing one party to prove they possess certain information without revealing the information itself), identifies key ZK proving bottlenecks: permutation arguments, lookup arguments (techniques ensuring data consistency within a computation trace), and commitment costs (cryptographic primitives for hiding values).
  • Proving costs remain high, with ZKVMs (Zero-Knowledge Virtual Machines) incurring 10,000x to 100,000x overhead compared to native computation.
  • Jan Cazes highlights the necessity of a "privacy-verifiability spectrum" for real-world applications, bridging Web2 and Web3. Rialo's REX (Rialo's Extended Execution) architecture aims to provide a flexible framework for developers to build privacy-preserving, verifiable applications.
  • “The cost of the proof is like 10,000x or 100,000x the cost of just the native computation.”

Quantum Resistance, AI, and the Future of Trust

  • The conversation shifts to long-term threats and opportunities, particularly the impact of quantum computing and artificial intelligence on cryptographic security and digital trust.
  • Jan Cazes estimates quantum computers capable of breaking current cryptography are at least five years away, possibly never scaling sufficiently. He advises building systems with plug-and-play cryptographic algorithms for future upgrades.
  • Jens Groth prioritizes the AI singularity (a hypothetical future event where artificial intelligence surpasses human intelligence), estimated around 2030, as a more immediate concern. He cites deepfakes (AI-generated images, audio, or video depicting events that did not occur) and the erosion of trust in digital content as critical challenges.
  • Both experts agree on the critical role of verifiable content and blockchain-driven systems to combat AI-generated misinformation and ensure authenticity.
  • “We're going to enter a world where everything we see is not something that can be trusted because it could just have been generated by an AI.”

Circle Acquires Axelar's Core Team, Token Left Behind

  • Circle's acquisition of Interchain Labs, Axelar's initial development team, raises questions about the future of the AXL token and the broader implications for decentralized protocols.
  • Circle acquired Interchain Labs to enhance its cross-chain capabilities, specifically for ARC and CCTP (Circle's Cross-Chain Transfer Protocol, enabling native USDC transfers across blockchains).
  • The Axelar Foundation, network, and AXL token will continue to operate independently under community governance.
  • The host expresses concern for AXL token holders, interpreting the acquisition as the core development talent being absorbed while the token is effectively "left for dead."
  • “It really reads like hey we're taking over the core team that is managing this protocol. We're bringing them inhouse. We're going to take all of their development talent and use it for our products and it sounds like the token is going to kind of get left for dead.”

Investor & Researcher Alpha

  • Capital Movement: Institutional capital flows into tokenized real-world assets (RWAs), stablecoin infrastructure, and verifiable computation. Retail capital remains vulnerable to speculative memecoin cycles and exit scams.
  • New Bottlenecks: ZK proving costs remain a significant barrier to internet-scale verifiability. AI-generated misinformation creates a critical bottleneck for digital trust and content authenticity, demanding verifiable content solutions.
  • Research Direction: The focus shifts from generalized ZKVMs to more specialized, efficient proving mechanisms, potentially leveraging AI. Post-quantum cryptography is a long-term concern, overshadowed by AI's immediate impact on trust and verifiability.

Strategic Conclusion

The crypto market bifurcates: institutional adoption accelerates with verifiable finance and stablecoins, while retail faces speculative pitfalls. The future demands robust, verifiable, and privacy-preserving digital systems to counter AI-driven trust erosion. Industry must prioritize scalable verifiability and privacy frameworks to bridge traditional finance with decentralized trust, securing digital interactions against emerging AI threats.

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