Bankless
March 20, 2025

Retail Vs Institutions | Who's Right About This Market?

This Bankless podcast, hosted by David Hoffman and Ejaaz, delves into the paradoxical state of the crypto market where institutional interest is surging despite retail and public bearishness, particularly around AI-related crypto tokens. They analyze the current market dynamics, explore advancements in AI technology like Gemini 2.0 Flash and Character.AI audio, and discuss promising investment opportunities in emerging AI crypto projects.

Macroeconomic Headwinds and Crypto AI

  • “money is hard right now… crypto has never existed in a high interest rate environment… the longer this high interest rate environment goes on, the more we are… purging the casino out of our system…”
  • “it's fair to say…this sector has kind of like been blown up with hype… the market now is currently very much dependent on macro…”
  • High interest rates are creating a "detox" effect in crypto, purging speculative investments and potentially making it more attractive to institutions.
  • The crypto AI sector, being a newer and more speculative area, is experiencing the most significant downturn, with prices heavily influenced by macroeconomic factors.
  • Despite the market downturn, certain AI projects, particularly those focused on token generation and DeFi abstraction, show relative strength, suggesting a shift towards utility-driven projects.

The Rise of AI Tools and Implications for Crypto

  • “this female podcaster that you’re watching right now was generated from a single image…they went on Midjourney and they said 'Hey yeah could you create a female podcaster…'”
  • “product demos or mock-ups are completely dead in terms of human design…”
  • Rapid advancements in AI image and video generation tools like Gemini 2.0 Flash and Character.AI Audio are blurring the lines between real and synthetic media. These tools offer enhanced editing capabilities and remarkable character consistency, transforming content creation.
  • The increasing realism of AI-generated media could impact various industries, including marketing, entertainment, and even podcasting.
  • The ability to manipulate images and videos easily raises ethical concerns about misinformation and deepfakes, necessitating new verification and authentication methods.

The Future of AI Model Monetization and Decentralized Compute

  • If I was given the opportunity to invest in any of these companies who have…frontier models, I would actually not invest because it seems so cutthroat…
  • “Plurales has…cracked…proprietary models…whilst leveraging open source mechanisms…”
  • Competition among frontier AI model developers is fierce, making investment in individual companies risky due to rapid commoditization.
  • The real value in AI likely lies in the application layer, where innovative products and services leverage these models.
  • Plurales Research offers a promising model for decentralized AI model training and monetization. Their approach allows developers to train proprietary models on a decentralized network, sharing ownership and revenue with compute providers while retaining control over their intellectual property.

AI Agents: From Hype to Utility

  • “agents in general just aren’t being created as much anymore…agents were being pushed out…none of it really actually came to…real life…”
  • “Subnet 53…focuses on AI powered trading strategies…earned $22 million in cumulative trading profits since…November…”
  • Initial hype around AI agents in crypto has cooled down, with a shift in focus from agent creation to the development of agents with demonstrable utility.
  • Subnet 53's success in generating trading profits through AI-powered options strategies highlights the potential of AI in decentralized finance.
  • Projects like Virtuals are evolving their approach, emphasizing autonomous agent clusters that generate net value for the economy, potentially unlocking new opportunities in areas like hedge funds and media creation.

Key Takeaways:

  • The crypto AI market is undergoing a correction, with macro factors and a shift towards utility playing significant roles.
  • While frontier AI model development is competitive and potentially less lucrative for direct investment, decentralized compute platforms like Plurales Research offer a novel approach to model ownership and monetization.
  • AI agents are transitioning from a hype cycle to a focus on practical applications, with projects like Subnet 53 demonstrating real-world profitability.

For further insights and detailed discussions, watch the full podcast: Link

This episode dives into the hidden economics of GPU scarcity—how AI and crypto are colliding over compute power, and what this means for investors.

Crypto Market Downturn Analysis

  • Ajaz and David kick off the episode by discussing the current state of the crypto market, particularly the AI coin sector, which is experiencing a significant downturn. Ajaz describes a paradox where AI innovation is accelerating, yet AI-related crypto tokens are struggling, largely influenced by broader macroeconomic factors and Federal Reserve policies.
  • David adds that this downturn is purging the speculative "casino" aspect of crypto, which is painful for retail investors but potentially creating a more stable foundation for institutional investment.
  • "The lights are now on at the nightclub," Ajaz remarks, illustrating the shift from speculative frenzy to a more sober market reality.

AI Innovation vs. Market Sentiment

  • The hosts discuss the disconnect between rapid AI advancements and negative market sentiment.
  • David shares an insight that high interest rates and a potential recession, possibly influenced by political actions, are impacting retail investors negatively, while institutions see a safer foundation for building.
  • This is reflected in the poor public perception of crypto, contrasted with increasing institutional interest.

AI-Generated Podcasters and the Uncanny Valley

  • Ajaz introduces a new AI tool from Hedera Labs, Character 3 Audio, which can generate realistic AI podcast hosts from a single image.
  • He notes the rapid improvement in AI-generated content, moving beyond the "uncanny valley"—a term describing the eerie feeling when something looks almost human but not quite.
  • David provides an example of the uncanny valley with synthetic-skinned robots, emphasizing that current AI is progressing past this stage.

Google's Gemini 2.0 Flash and Image Editing

  • Ajaz highlights Google's new AI model, Gemini 2.0 Flash, which features advanced image generation and editing capabilities.
  • This includes character consistency, text addition, and realistic alterations, such as changing the color of a dog's fur or creating fake scenarios.
  • David mentions how the Bankless graphic designer used the tool to create a "YouTube cringe" thumbnail version of him, demonstrating its practical applications.

China's AI Advancements and OpenAI's Moat

  • The discussion shifts to China's AI advancements, with Baidu releasing a model reportedly better and cheaper than OpenAI's GPT-4.5.
  • Ajaz argues that this obliterates OpenAI's cost advantage and competitive moat, suggesting intense competition and commoditization in the AI model space.
  • David expresses reluctance to invest in any frontier model companies due to this cutthroat competition.

Value Capture in the AI App Layer

  • David and Ajaz discuss where value will be captured in the AI space, concluding that the app layer, rather than the model layer, will hold the most value.
  • Ajaz draws an analogy to the oil industry, where distribution networks, not just the commodity itself, became the key to maintaining market dominance.
  • They predict the rise of numerous smaller AI-related projects with market caps between $1 million and $100 million.

Crypto AI Market Overview

  • Ajaz provides an overview of the crypto AI market, noting that the total market cap of AI agent tokens has dropped significantly from its peak.
  • He points out that Ethereum-based agents are now surpassing Solana-based agents in market cap, largely driven by projects like Virtuals.
  • The broader market downturn, influenced by macroeconomic factors and US government actions, is impacting all sectors, including crypto AI.

Market Manipulation and Volatility

  • Ajaz discusses the volatility in the crypto AI sector, using ARC token as an example, where market maker Wintermute is allegedly manipulating prices.
  • He explains that low market cap tokens are particularly prone to such volatility.
  • David expresses skepticism about verifying these claims, but Ajaz provides on-chain evidence suggesting Wintermute's significant influence on ARC's trading volume.

Resurgence and Pockets of Outperformance

  • Despite the downturn, Ajaz notes pockets of outperformance, particularly in token generation and DeFi abstraction agents.
  • He mentions projects like Banker and Clanker, which have maintained relatively stable market caps.
  • David adds that fees are driving the price of non-blockchain assets, highlighting Virtuals as an example.

Virtuals' Shift to Autonomous Agents

  • Ajaz discusses Virtuals' latest update, focusing on autonomous and multi-agent capabilities.
  • The project is shifting towards higher-quality agents, introducing an "autonomous hedge fund" and a "media cluster" as examples.
  • A $100,000 hackathon is announced to encourage the development of these advanced agents.

AIXBT's Hacking Incident

  • The hosts discuss a recent incident where AIXBT, a popular AI agent on crypto Twitter, was tricked into tipping a user $100,000 worth of ETH.
  • This was achieved by manipulating the agent's terminal, highlighting the vulnerabilities in AI agent security.

Bitensor's AI-Powered Trading Subnet

  • Ajaz introduces Subnet 53 on Bitensor, an AI-powered trading subnet focusing on crypto options.
  • This subnet has reportedly earned $22 million in cumulative trading profits since November.
  • David questions the scalability and openness of this model, as widespread adoption could diminish its alpha.

Plurales Research and Decentralized AI Model Training

  • Ajaz highlights Plurales Research, a company that raised $7.6 million to build a decentralized network for training foundational AI models.
  • This network uses "model parallelism," allowing models to be split across multiple computers, maintaining proprietary control while leveraging decentralized compute.
  • David expresses enthusiasm for this innovative approach, solving the commoditization issue he raised earlier.

Reflective and Strategic Conclusion

  • The conversation highlights the critical need for decentralized, proprietary AI model training, as demonstrated by Plurales Research.
  • Crypto AI investors and researchers should focus on projects that offer unique, scalable solutions and robust economic models, rather than chasing hype, to capitalize on the evolving AI landscape.

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